Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method -- Research Ideas and Hypotheses -- Defining and Measuring Variables -- Ethics in Research -- Selecting Research Participants -- Research Strategies and Validity -- The Experimental Research Strategy -- Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design -- Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design -- The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Pre-Post, and Developmental Designs -- Factorial Designs -- The Correlational Research Strategy -- The Descriptive Research Strategy -- Single-Subject Research Designs -- Statistical Evaluation of Data -- Writing an APA-Style Research Report -- APPENDICES. A. Random Number Table and Instruction. B. Statistics Demonstrations and Statistical Tables. C. Instructions for Using SPSS. D. Sample APA-Style Research Report Manuscript for Publication.