1. Introduction / Jill Nelmes -- Pt. 1. Institutions, Audiences and Technology. 2. Cinema as institution / Searle Kochberg. 3. Film and technology / Chris Webster -- Pt. 2. Approaches to Studying Film texts. 4. Film form and narrative / Allan Rowe. 5. The film spectator / Patrick Phillips. 6. Genre, star and auteur - critical approaches to Hollywood cinema / Patrick Phillips -- Pt. 3. Genre Forms - Realism and Illusion. 7. The documentary form: personal and social 'realities' / Paul Wells. 8. Animation: forms and meanings / Paul Wells -- Pt. 4. Representation of Gender and Sexuality. 9. Women and film / Jill Nelmes. 10. Lesbian and gay cinema / Chris Jones -- Pt. 5. National Cinemas. 11. British Cinema / Lez Cooke. 12. An Introduction to Indian cinema / Asha Kasbekar. 13. The Soviet montage cinema of the 1920s / Mark Joyce. 14. New German Cinema / Julia Knight.