Introduction -- The MDGs and NGO potential roles -- Can the MDGs foster a new partnership for pro-poor policies? -- Some practical limits of the NGO role: a critical perspective -- Beyond the "non": the strategic space for NGOs in development -- The context for achieving the MDGs -- The enabling environment for achieving the Millennium Development Goals: -- Government actions to support NGOs -- The politics of global partnership -- The need for political will: a short note on the millennium campaign -- Application of the theoretical framework -- Organizational comparative advantages of NGOs in eradicating extreme poverty and hunger: strategy for escape from poverty traps -- The role of NGOs in health, education, environment, and gender: application of the theoretical framework -- Conclusions and policy implications -- Afterword. The power of social entrepreneurship.