Part one. Introduction. Contextualising the controversies: dilemmas of communal tenure reform in post-apartheid South Africa / Ben Cousins. Part two. The Act and legislative procedure. An overview of the Communal Land Rights Act 11 0f 2004 / Henk Smith -- Tagging the Bill, gagging the provinces: the Communal Land Rights Act in Parliament / Christina Murray and Richard Stacey. Part three. Land rights and customary law. The nature of land rights under indigenous law in Africa / H.W.O. Okoth-Ogendo -- Characterising 'communal' tenure: nested systems and flexible boundaries / Ben Cousins -- 'Official' vs 'living' customary law: dilemmas of description and recognition / Tom Bennett -- Women, land and power: the impact of the Communal Land Rights Act / by Aninka Claassens ans Sizani Ngubane -- Custom-building freehold title: the impact of family values on historical ownership in the Eastern Cape / Rosalie Kingwill. Part four. Traditional leaders, power and land rights. Contested terrain: land rights and chiefly power in historical perspective / Peter Delius -- Chiefs and the ANC in South Africa: the reconstruction of tradition? / Lungisile Ntsebeza -- Power, accountability and apartheid borders: the impact of recent laws on struggles over land rights / Aninka Claassens -- Part 5 Case studies.The Kalkfontein land purchases: eighty years on and still struggling for ownership / Aninka Claassens and Durkje Gilfillan -- Stealing restitution and selling land allocations: Dixie, Mayaeyane and Makuleke / Aninka Claassens with Moray Hathorn. Part six. Conclusion. Customary land laws and zones of chiefly sovereignty: the impact of government policy on whose voices prevail in the making and changing of customary law / Aninka Classens.