A revised theory of modernization -- Value change and the persistence of cultural traditions -- Exploring the unknown : predicting mass responses -- Intergenerational value change -- Value changes over time -- Individualism, self-expression, and civic virtues -- The causal link between democratic values and democratic institutions : theoretical discussion -- The causal link between democratic values and democratic institutions : empirical analyses -- Social forces, collective action, and international events -- Individual level values and system level democracy : the problem of cross-level analysis -- Elements of a pro-democratic civic culture -- Gender equality, emancipative values, and democracy -- The implications of human development -- An emancipative theory of democracy.