Map 1. The Greek World (6th-5th centuries BCE) -- Map 2. The Hellenistic Period (323-31 BCE) -- Map 3. The Late Roman Empire -- Part I. The Presocratics and Sophists -- 1. The Milesians: Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes -- 2. Xenophanes of Colophon, Heracleitus of Ephesus, and Pythagoras of Samos -- 3. The Eleatics: Parmenides and Zeno of Elea and Melissus of Samos -- 4. The Pluralists: Empedocles of Acragas and Anaxagoras of Clazomenae -- 5. The Atomists: Leucippus of Elea (or Miletus) and Democritus of Abdera -- 6. The Sophists: Protagoras of Abdera, Gorgias of Leontini, and Antiphon -- Part II. Xenophon -- 7. Memorabilia -- Part III. Plato -- 8. Euthyphro -- 9. Apology -- 10. Crito -- 11. Meno -- 12. Phaedo -- 13. Symposium -- 14. Republic -- 15. Parmenides -- 16. Timaeus -- Part IV. Aristotle -- 17. Categories -- 18. On Interpretation -- 19. Physics -- 20. On the Soul -- 21. Metaphysics -- 22. Nicomachean Ethics -- 23. Politics -- Part V. Diogenes the Cynic -- 24. Diogenes Laertius, Life of Diogenes -- Part VI. Epicurus and Epicureanism -- 25. Epicurus, Letter to Herodotus; Letter to Menoeceus; Principal Doctrines -- 26. Lucretius, On the Nature of Things -- Part VII. Stoics and Stoicism -- 27. Diogenes Laertius on Stoicism -- 28. Epictetus, Manual -- Part VIII. Skeptics and Skepticism -- 29. Diogenes Laertius, Life of Pyrrho -- 30. Sextus Empiricus, Outlines of Pyrrhonism -- 31. Sextus Empiricus, Against the Professors -- Part IX. Neoplatonism -- 32. Plotinus, Enneads -- 33. Proclus, On Evil -- Recommended Further Reading (English-Language Sources)