Machine generated contents note: 1.The first time -- 1.1.Starting Stata -- 1.2.Setting up your screen -- 1.3.Your first analysis -- 1.3.1.Inputting commands -- 1.3.2.Files and the working memory -- 1.3.3.Loading data -- 1.3.4.Variables and observations -- 1.3.5.Looking at data -- 1.3.6.Interrupting a command and repeating a command -- 1.3.7.The variable list -- 1.3.8.The in qualifier -- 1.3.9.Summary statistics -- 1.3.10.The if qualifier -- 1.3.11.Defining missing values -- 1.3.12.The by prefix -- 1.3.13.Command options -- 1.3.14.Frequency tables -- 1.3.15.Graphs -- 1.3.16.Getting help -- 1.3.17.Recoding variables -- 1.3.18.Variable labels and value labels -- 1.3.19.Linear regression -- 1.4.Do-files -- 1.5.Exiting Stata -- 1.6.Exercises -- 2.Working with do-files -- 2.1.From interactive work to working with a do-file -- 2.1.1.Alternative 1 -- 2.1.2.Alternative 2 -- 2.2.Designing do-files -- 2.2.1.Comments -- 2.2.2.Line breaks -- 2.2.3.Some crucial commands --

Contents note continued: 2.3.Organizing your work -- 2.4.Exercises -- 3.The grammar of Stata -- 3.1.The elements of Stata commands -- 3.1.1.Stata commands -- 3.1.2.The variable list -- List of variables: Required or optional -- Abbreviation rules -- Special listings -- 3.1.3.Options -- 3.1.4.The in qualifier -- 3.1.5.The if qualifier -- 3.1.6.Expressions -- Operators -- Functions -- 3.1.7.Lists of numbers -- 3.1.8.Using filenames -- 3.2.Repeating similar commands -- 3.2.1.The by prefix -- 3.2.2.The {breach loop -- The types of foreach lists -- Several commands within a foreach loop -- 3.2.3.The forvalues loop -- 3.3.Weights -- Frequency weights -- Analytic weights -- Sampling weights -- 3.4.Exercises -- 4.General comments on the statistical commands -- 4.1.Regular statistical commands -- 4.2.Estimation commands -- 4.3.Exercises -- 5.Creating and changing variables -- 5.1.The commands generate and replace -- 5.1.1.Variable names -- 5.1.2.Some examples -- 5.1.3.Useful functions --

Contents note continued: 5.1.4.Changing codes with by, _n, and _N -- 5.1.5.Subscripts -- 5.2.Specialized recoding commands -- 5.2.1.The recode command -- 5.2.2.The egen command -- 5.3.Recoding string variables -- 5.4.Recoding date and time -- 5.4.1.Dates -- 5.4.2.Time -- 5.5.Setting missing values -- 5.5.Labels -- 5.7.Storage types, or the ghost in the machine -- 5.8.Exercises -- 6.Creating and changing graphs -- 6.1.A primer on graph syntax -- 6.2.Graph types -- 6.2.1.Examples -- 6.2.2.Specialized graphs -- 6.3.Graph elements -- 6.3.1.Appearance of data -- Choice of marker -- Marker colors -- Marker size -- Lines -- 6.3.2.Graph and plot regions -- Graph size -- Plot region -- Sealing the axes -- 6.3.3.Information inside the plot region -- Reference lines -- Labeling inside the plot region -- 6.3.4.Information outside the plot region -- Labeling the axes -- Tick lines -- Axis titles -- The legend -- Graph titles -- 6.4.Multiple graphs -- 6.4.1.Overlaying many twoway graphs --

Contents note continued: 6.4.2.Option by() -- 6.4.3.Combining graphs -- 6.5.Saving and printing graphs -- 6.6.Exercises -- 7.Describing and comparing distributions -- 7.1.Categories: Few or many? -- 7.2.Variables with few categories -- 7.2.1.Tables -- Frequency tables -- More than one frequency table -- Comparing distributions -- Summary statistics -- More than one contingency table -- 7.2.2.Graphs -- Histograms -- Bar charts -- Pie charts -- Dot charts -- 7.3.Variables with many categories -- 7.3.1.Frequencies of grouped data -- Some remarks on grouping data -- Special techniques for grouping data -- 7.3.2.Describing data using statistics -- Important summary statistics -- The summarize command -- The tabstat command -- Comparing distributions using statistics -- 7.3.3.Graphs -- Box plots -- Histograms -- Kernel density estimation -- Quantile plot -- Comparing distributions with Q-Q plots -- 7.4.Exercises -- 8.Statistical inference --

Contents note continued: 8.1.Random samples and sampling distributions -- 8.1.1.Random numbers -- 8.1.2.Creating fictitious datasets -- 8.1.3.Drawing random samples -- 8.1.4.The sampling distribution -- 8.2.Descriptive inference -- 8.2.1.Standard errors for simple random samples -- 8.2.2.Standard errors for complex samples -- Typical forms of complex samples -- Sampling distributions for complex samples -- Using Stata's svy commands -- 8.2.3.Standard errors with nonresponse -- Unit; nonresponse and poststratification weights -- Item nonresponse and multiple imputation -- 8.2.4.Uses of standard errors -- Confidence intervals -- Significance tests -- Two-group mean comparison test -- 8.3.Causal inference -- 8.3.1.Basic concepts -- Data-generating processes -- Counterfactual concept of causality -- 8.3.2.The effect of third-class tickets -- 8.3.3.Some problems of causal inference -- 8.4.Exercises -- 9.Introduction to linear regression -- 9.1.Simple linear regression --

Contents note continued: 9.1.1.The basic principle -- 9.1.2.Linear regression using Stata -- The table of coefficients -- The table of ANOVA results -- The model fit table -- 9.2.Multiple regression -- 9.2.1.Multiple regression using Stata -- 9.2.2.More computations -- Adjusted R2 -- Standardized regression coefficients -- 9.2.3.What does "under control" mean? -- 9.3.Regression diagnostics -- 9.3.1.Violation of E(εi) = 0 -- Linearity -- Influential cases -- Omitted variables -- Multicollinearity -- 9.3.2.Violation of Var(εi) = α2 -- 9.3.3.Violation of Cov(εi, εj) = 0, i [≠] j -- 9.4.Model extensions -- 9.4.1.Categorical independent variables -- 9.4.2.Interaction terms -- 9.4.3.Regression models using transformed variables -- Nonlinear relationships -- Eliminating heteroskedasticity -- 9.5.Reporting regression results -- 9.5.1.Tables of similar regression models -- 9.5.2.Plots of coefficients -- 9.5.3.Conditional-effects plots --

Contents note continued: 9.6.Advanced techniques -- 9.6.1.Median regression -- 9.6.2.Regression models for panel data -- From wide to long format -- Fixed-effects models -- 9.6.3.Error-components models -- 9.7.Exercises -- 10.Regression models for categorical dependent variables -- 10.1.The linear probability model -- 10.2.Basic concepts -- 10.2.1.Odds, log odds, and odds ratios -- 10.2.2.Excursion: The maximum likelihood principle -- 10.3.Logistic regression with Stata -- 10.3.1.The coefficient table -- Sign interpretation -- Interpretation with odds ratios -- Probability interpretation -- Average marginal effects -- 10.3.2.The iteration block -- 10.3.3.The model fit block -- Classification tables -- Pearson chi-squared -- 10.4.Logistic regression diagnostics -- 10.4.1.Linearity -- 10.4.2.Influential cases -- 10.5.Likelihood-ratio test -- 10.6.Refined models -- 10.6.1.Nonlinear relationships -- 10.6.2.Interaction effects -- 10.7.Advanced techniques -- 10.7.1.Probit models --

Contents note continued: 10.7.2.Multinomial logistic regression -- 10.7.3.Models for ordinal data -- 10.8.Exercises -- 11.Reading and writing data -- 11.1.The goal: The data matrix -- 11.2.Importing machine-readable data -- 11.2.1.Reading system files from other packages -- Reading Excel files -- Reading SAS transport files -- Reading other system files -- 11.2.2.Reading ASCII text files -- Reading data in spreadsheet format -- Reading data in free format -- Reading data in fixed format -- 11.3.Inputting data -- 11.3.1.Input data using the Data Editor -- 11.3.2.The input command -- 11.4.Combining data -- 11.4.1.The GSOEP database -- 11.4.2.The merge command -- Merge 1:1 matches with rectangular data -- Merge 1:1 matches with nonrectangular data -- Merging more than two files -- Merging m:1 and 1:m matches -- 11.4.3.The append command -- 11.5.Saving and exporting data -- 11.6.Handling large datasets -- 11.6.1.Rules for handling the working memory --

Contents note continued: 11.6.2.Using oversized datasets -- 11.7.Exercises -- 12.Do-files for advanced users and user-written programs -- 12.1.Two examples of usage -- 12.2.Four programming tools -- 12.2.1.Local macros -- Calculating with local macros -- Combining local macros -- Changing local macros -- 12.2.2.Do-files -- 12.2.3.Programs -- The problem of redefinition -- The problem of naming -- The problem of error checking -- 12.2.4.Programs in do-files and ado-files -- 12.3.User-written Stata commands -- 12.3.1.Sketch of the syntax -- 12.3.2.Create a first ado-file -- 12.3.3.Parsing variable lists -- 12.3.4.Parsing options -- 12.3.5.Parsing if and in qualifiers -- 12.3.6.Generating an unknown number of variables -- 12.3.7.Default values -- 12.3.8.Extended macro functions -- 12.3.9.Avoiding changes in the dataset -- 12.3.10.Help files -- 12.4.Exercises -- 13.Around Stata -- 13.1.Resources and information -- 13.2.Taking care of Stata -- 13.3.Additional procedures --

Contents note continued: 13.3.1.Stata Journal ado-files -- 13.3.2.SSC ado-files -- 13.3.3.Other ado-files -- 13.4.Exercises.