What is popular culture? Culture ; Ideology ; Popular culture ; Popular culture as other -- The 'culture and civilization' tradition. Matthew Arnold ; Leavisism ; Mass culture in America: the post-war debate ; The culture of other people -- Culturalism. Richard Hoggart: The use of literacy ; Raymond Williams: 'The analysis of culture' ; E.P. Thompson: The making of the English working class ; Stuart Hall and Paddy Whannel: The popular arts ; The Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies -- Marxisms. Classic marxism ; The Frankfurt school ; Althusserianism ; Hegemony ; Post-marxism and cultural studies -- Psychoanalysis. Freudian psychoanalysis ; Lacanian psychoanalysis ; Cine-psychoanalysis ; Slavoj Žižek and Lacanian fantasy -- Structuralism and post-structuralism. Ferdinand de Saussure ; Claude Lévi-Strauss, Will Wright and the American Western ; Roland Barthes: Mythologies ; Post-structuralism ; Jacques Derrida ; Discourse and power: Michel Foucault ; The panoptic machine -- Gender and sexuality. Feminisms ; Women at the cinema ; Reading romance ; Watching Dallas ; Reading women's magazines ; Men's studies and masculines ; Queer theory -- 'Race', racism and representation. 'Race' and racism ; The ideology of racism: its historical emergence ; Orientalism ; Anti-racism and cultural studies -- Postmodernism. The postmodern condition ; Postmodernism in the 1960s ; Jean-François Lyotard ; Jean Baudrillard ; Frederic Jameson ; Postmodern pop music ; Postmodern television ; Postmodernism and the pluralism of value ; The global postmodern ; Convergence culture ; Afterword -- The politics of the popular. A paradigm crisis in cultural studies? ; The cultural field ; The economic field ; Post-marxist cultural studies: hegemony revisited ; The ideology of mass culture.