Introduction: African foreign policy studies: selecting signifiers to explain agency / African agency: past into present African foreign policy concepts and practices / The African Union as a foreign policy player: African agency in international cooperation / Unprincipled pragmatism and anti-imperialist impulses in an interconnected world: the Zuma presidency, 2009-2017 / Towards a strategic culture approach to understanding and conceptualising Ethiopia’s foreign policy towards Israel and the middle eastern arab countries / Nigeria's foreign policy and intervention behaviour in Africa: what role for agency? / Zimbabwe and new signifiers: towards a cultural political economy of foreign policy making / Realist conceptions of Kenya's foreign policy and foreign policy gehaviour: a theoretical and contextual disposition / Addressing the conceptual void of African small state foreign policy in orthodox theory: a case study of Botswana’s principled pragmatism / Tunisia’s foreign policy towards France before and after an undemanding "revolution": a theoretical explanation of the An-Nahdha-led interim governments' soft policy / Straddling between convergence and divergence: a constructivist's view of Malawi’s foreign policy in post-independence Africa / Strategies of a small state between realism and liberalism: sixty years of Guinea's diplomacy and foreign policy (1958-2018) / Rethinking SADC: a mixed actor approch to collective policymaking processes on external relations / Ghana: Identify formation and the foreign and defence policies of a small state / Conclusion