Letter -- Introduction -- Humans and machines -- Anatomy -- Latin -- Arabic -- Chinese -- Korean -- Japanese -- Indic -- Typefaces and fonts -- Height -- Width -- Classifying typefaces -- Choosing typefaces -- Type families -- Capitals -- Italics -- Numerals -- Punctuation -- Optical sizes -- Variable fonts -- Ornaments -- Lettering -- Designing typefaces -- Exercise: Modular letterforms -- Exercise: Branding with type -- Text -- Readers, writers, and users -- Columns, lines, and spacing -- Aligning columns -- Line length -- Paragraphs -- Short lines -- Kerning -- Tracking -- Vertical space -- Vertical text -- Legibility and readability -- Readable prose -- Exercise: Texture -- Exercise: Space -- Hierarchy and structure -- Minimal hierarchy -- Layered hierarchy -- Type scale -- Visual and semantic hierarchy -- Inclusive design -- Exercise: Grids and hierarchy -- Multiplicity of scripts -- Arabic typography -- Chinese typography -- Korean typography -- Japanese typography -- Indic typography -- Kigelia: a typeface for Africa -- Layout -- Scaffolds and skeletons -- Balance and alignment -- Symmetry and asymmetry -- Grouping -- Aligning elements -- Borders -- Grids -- Manuscript grid -- Column grid -- Modular grid -- Baseline grid -- Responsive layouts -- Serial design -- Exercise: Grid and anti-grid -- Exercise: Extended series -- Contributors -- Index.