Overview of concepts in victimology -- Theoretical approaches and perspectives in victimology -- Assessing the extent and nature of victimisation in Africa -- African law and policies supporting victims' rights -- Victim empowerment in Africa -- Challenges of the criminal justice in addressing the needs of victims and witnesses -- Restorative justice in South Africa -- Restorative justice around the world and in cases of mass victimisation -- The troublesome gender: (re)considering gender-based violence -- Victimisation of the elderly -- Victims of commercial crime -- Victims of motor vehicle hijacking -- Victims of vulnerability of street (community) children -- Kill or be killed: the plight of child soldiers in Afirca -- Human trafficking with a focus on Africa -- Victims of hate crime -- Sex workers: survivors of multiple victimisation -- Military veterans as victims -- Offenders as victims: exploring victimisation within prison -- An international justice system for victims? The situation at the International Criminal Court -- International protocols on victims' rights and some refelctions on significant recent develpments in victimology.