Title:
Social structure of contemporary China
Author:
Lu, Xueyi, editor.
ISBN:
9789814383226
Publication Information:
Singapore : World Scientific, [2012].
©2012.
Physical Description:
xxviii, 444 pages : illustrations, 1 map ; 24 cm.
Series:
Series on contemporary China, vol. 31
Series on contemporary China ; v. 31.
General Note:
Formerly CIP.
Originally published in Chinese by Social Sciences Academic Press.
Contents:
Machine generated contents note: 1.China Enters a New Phase that Focuses on Social Construction -- 1.1.Outstanding Achievements in Economic Development and Acute Social Contradictions and Problems -- 1.2.China Enters a New Phase that Focuses on Social Construction -- 2.The Profound Changes in the Social Structure of Contemporary China -- 2.1.Infrastructure: Changes in Population Structure -- 2.2.Social Integration Structures: Family Structure and Social Organizational Structure -- 2.3.Spatial Structure: The Urban-Rural and Regional Adjustment in Resource and Opportunity Allocation -- 2.4.Survival Activity Structure: The Market Drive of Changes in Employment, Income Distribution and Consumption -- 2.5.Social Status Structure: The Initial Formation of a Modern Social Class Structure -- 3.Change in Social Structure and Its Implications for China's Economic Development -- 3.1.The Recovery of Families' Economic Functions Promotes Economic Development --
Contents note continued: 3.2.Employment Restructuring Rationalizes the Allocation of the Labor Force -- 3.3.The Return of Autonomous Social Organization Functions Promotes Economic System Reform -- 3.4.The Aggregation Effect of Spatial Allocation as a Result of Adjustment of the Urban-Rural Structure -- 3.5.The Rise and Development of New Social Classes Reflects the Vitality of the Socialist Market Economy -- 4.Lag in Social Structure Change: Important Reasons For the Numerous Current Social Problems -- 4.1.The Current Social Structure Lags 15 Years Behind the Economic Structure -- 4.2.The Deviation of the Social Structure from the Economic Structure -- 4.3.The Inner Deviation of the Social Structure -- 4.4.Consequences of the Lagging Social Structure -- 4.5.The Main Reasons for the Lag of the Social Structure -- 5.Now is a Critical Period for Adjustments in China's Social Structure -- 5.1.Adjustments are Needed in China's Current Stage of Social Structure Development --
Contents note continued: 5.2.Adjusting the Social Structure as an Important Measure to Solving the Current Economic and Social Development Problems -- 5.3.Adjusting the Social Structure as an Important Channel to Address the Financial Crisis -- 6.Policy Direction of Adjusting the Social Structure -- 6.1.The Principle of Social Structure Adjustment -- 6.2.The Objectives of Social Structure Adjustment -- 6.3.The Focus of the Social Structure Adjustment -- 6.4.The Strategic Measures to Adjust the Social Structure -- ch. I Population Structure / Yan Ye -- 1.Profound Changes in Population Structure and Their Social Causes -- 1.1.Adult-Age Population Structure and Abnormal Sex Composition -- 1.2.The Gradual Improvement of the Quality of the Population Structure and the Emergence of a Powerful Human Resource Country -- 1.3.Geographical Distribution, Movement Gradient and Polarization of the Chinese Population -- 1.4.Social Motives for Changes in Population Structure --
Contents note continued: 2.Unreasonable Population Structure and Its Social Influence -- 2.1.A Perspective on Overly Low Fertility Rate and Future Population Structure -- 2.2.The Social Impact of the Rapid Maturation of the Age Structure -- 2.3.Rising Sex Ratio at Birth and Its Social Consequences -- 2.4.Quality Structure Does Not Meet the Requirements of Industrialization -- 2.5.The Dual Effect of Qualitative Structural Differences in the Distribution of Population Mobility -- 3.China's Crucial Moment in Population Structural Adjustment -- 3.1.Establishment of Scientific Understanding of Population Development and Implementation of Flexible Family Planning Policies -- 3.2.Develop Social Enterprises and Promote Improvement in Population Quality Through a Fair Mechanism -- 3.3.Stabilize the Negative Effects of Aging to Ensure Quality of Life for Elderly Society -- 3.4.Adjust High Sex Ratio at Birth to Ensure Population's Ecological Security --
Contents note continued: 3.5.Revitalize Public Resources and Opportunities and Strive to Eliminate Barriers to Reasonable Population Movement -- 3.6.Population Change and Its Effect on Urban-Rural Integration and Coordination of Regional Development -- ch. II Family Structure / Wang Jie -- 1.Changes in Family Structure -- 1.1.Miniaturization and Nuclearization -- 1.2.The Diversification of Family Types -- 1.3.The Equalization of Family Relationships -- 2.The Social Function of Family Structure Change -- 2.1.The Positive Social Function of Changes in Family Structure -- 2.2.Adverse Effects of Changes in Family Function on Social Structure Reproduction -- 3.Trends in Family Structure Development and Policy Recommendations -- 3.1.Trends in Family Structure Development -- 3.2.Policy Recommendations in Response to Changes in Family Structure -- ch. III Employment Structure / Shi Xiuyin -- 1.An Analysis of the History and Background of China's Employment Structure --
Contents note continued: 1.1.A History: The Period Before the Socialist Market Economy -- 1.2.Background: The Socialist Market Economic Reform -- 2.Socialist Market Economy: Increased Number of Jobs and Structural Adjustment -- 2.1.Job Production Outside of the System -- 2.2.The Globalization of Employment -- 2.3.Rapid Growth in the Number of Jobs -- 2.4.Advancement of Industry Level -- 2.5.Advancement of Profession Structure -- 2.6.Increasing Complexity of Occupation Types -- 2.7.The Liberalization of Job Mobility -- 2.8.The Centralization of Employment Location -- 3.Socialist Market Economy: Quality Fluctuation and Relationship Tension -- 3.1.Power Distribution -- 3.2.Employment Stability -- 3.3.Labor Intensity -- 3.4.Labor Protection -- 3.5.Salaries and Benefits -- 3.6.Labor Disputes -- 4.Social Deficiency of the Socialist Market Economy -- 4.1.Social Deficiency: The Crux of the Employment Structure -- 4.2.The Weakness and Destruction of the Traditional Society --
Contents note continued: 4.3.The Gulf Between a Designed Society and a Realized Society -- 4.4.Social Action Achieves the Construction of Society -- ch. IV Income Distribution Structure / Yan Ye -- 1.Profound Changes in Income Distribution in Contemporary China -- 1.1.The National Gini Coefficient: Relatively Equal, Relatively Reasonable, Too Large of a Gap -- 1.2.Income Changes of Different Groups: The Difference Between the Highest and Lowest is Widening -- 1.3.Subjective Evaluation of Income Distribution: The Consensus is that the Income Gap is Too Large -- 2.The Social Cause and Mechanisms of the Widening Income Gap -- 2.1.Institutional Change: The Interim Change in the Distribution System -- 2.2.Participation of Elements: Those Who Have Power, Capital, Knowledge and Skills Get Rich First -- 2.3.Basic Channels: Market and Non-market, Within and Outside the System -- 2.4.External Structure: The Main Body, Industry and Spatial Factors that Influence Income Gap --
Contents note continued: 3.The Impact of Overly Large Income Gaps on Social Order and Proposed Suggestions -- 3.1.Income Distribution Mechanisms or Channels: The Main Cause of the Deepening Sense of Unfairness -- 3.2.The Structural Risk of the Overly Wide Income Disparity Transforms into a Risk for the Whole Society -- 3.3.Overly Large Income Distribution Disparity Deepens the Irrationality of Other Social Structures -- 3.4.Proposals to Restructure Income Distribution: Focus on Increasing the Income of the Middle and Lower Strata -- ch. V Consumption Structure / Zhao Weihua -- 1.Changes in China's Resident Consumption Structure -- 1.1.Quick Solution to the Problem of Basic Food and Clothing Needs (1978-1984) -- 1.2.Smooth Improvement and Preliminary Differentiation of Rural and Urban Residents' Lives (1985-1991) -- 1.3.Continued Improvement and Fast Differentiation Between the Consumption Levels of Rural and Urban Residents (1992-1996) --
Contents note continued: 1.4.Advancement in Urban and Rural Resident Consumption Structure and Stratification of Consumption Structure (1997 to Present) -- 2.Dynamic Mechanism of Change in Resident Consumption Structure -- 2.1.Economic Development as the Basis of Change in Consumption Structure -- 2.2.Income Growth as the Driving Force Behind Changes in Consumption Structure -- 2.3.Social Policy as a Very Strong Shaping Effect on Changes in Resident Consumption Structure -- 2.4.Stratification as an Important Basis and Carrier of Changes in Consumption Structure -- 3.Problems in China's Current Consumption Structure -- 3.1.The Passive Push-up of Resident Consumption Structure is Apparent -- 3.2.The Proportion of the Three Main Consumer Bodies is Unbalanced -- 3.3.The Income and Consumption Gaps Across Strata are Too Large -- 4.Analysis of the Source of Problems in China's Current Consumption Structure -- 4.1.Imbalance of Income Distribution Relations --
Contents note continued: 4.2.Mismatch Between Changes in the Consumption Phase and Social Construction -- 4.3.Delayed Evolution of the Class Structure -- 4.4.Policy Regulation and Needs Target are Displaced -- ch. VI Urban-Rural Structure / Wang Chunguang -- 1.The Construction of the Urban-Rural Structure (1949-1978) -- 1.1.The Construction of the Urban-Rural System -- 1.2.The Reconstruction of Urban-Rural Inequality -- 1.3.The Structural Dislocation of Industrialization and Urbanization -- 2.The Difficult Transition of the Urban-Rural Structure -- 2.1.The Market Economic Reform and the Urban-Rural Structure -- 2.2.Urbanization Journey Where Development and Dislocation Coexist -- 3.Problems in the Urban-Rural Structure and Their Essence -- 3.1.Problems in the Urban-Rural Structure -- 3.2.The Substantive Issues of the Urban-Rural Structure Have Caused an Urbanization Lag -- 4.The Urgency and Possibility of Adjusting the Urban-Rural Structure --
Contents note continued: 4.1.The Dual Urban-Rural Structure is the Root Cause of the Current Deep Contradictions in China -- 4.2.The Urgency and Basic Idea of Building Institutional Mechanisms for Urban-Rural Integration -- ch. VII Regional Structure / Fan Ping -- 1.Historical Transition of New China's Regional Structure -- 1.1.The Phased Evolution of Regional Division -- 1.2.The Historical Change of Problems in China's Regional Structure -- 2.The Basic Characteristics of China's Current Regional Structure -- 2.1.The General Trend in Regional Development Since the Reform and Opening Up: The Widening Gap -- 2.2.Basic Revelations of the Current Widening Structural Gap Between Regions -- 2.3.Reasons for the Widening Structural Gap Between Regions: The Role of Multiple Factors -- 3.Adjustments in Regional Structure and Coordination of Regional Development -- 3.1.Impact of Overly Large Regional Disparities: Not Conducive to Economic and Social Development --
Contents note continued: 3.2.The Key to Adjusting the Regional Structure: Implementing Coordinated Regional Development Strategies -- ch. VIII Organizational Structure / Chen Guangjin -- 1.Transition from Overall Control to Function Control: The Modern Transformation of National Organizations -- 1.1.Overall Control: National Organizations Before China's Reform and Opening Up -- 1.2.Decentralization and Government Functions: National Organizational Changes After China's Reform and Opening Up -- 1.3.Issues with Reasonable Structure and Size of National Organizations -- 2.From the Unit to the Market: Transformation and Development of China's Economic Organizations -- 2.1.Units: China's Economic Organizations in the Planned Economy Era -- 2.2.Marketization: The Return of the Functions of Economic Organizations -- 2.3.The Social Significance and Limits of the Changes in Economic Organization Structure --
Contents note continued: 3.From Nationalization to Socialization: The Difficult Development of the Contemporary Chinese Social Organizations -- 3.1.Sanction, Transformation and Incorporation: The Social Organizations Under National Control -- 3.2.Regeneration: Chinese Social Organizations in the Era of Reform and Opening Up -- 3.3.Significance, Characteristics and Difficulties of the Development of China's Social Organizations -- 4.Social Management System Reform and the Development of Social Organizations -- ch. IX Social Class Structure / Li Wei -- 1.Changes in Social Class Structure of Contemporary China -- 1.1.Trajectories of Social Class Change in Contemporary China -- 1.2.The Mechanism of Social Class Structure Change in Contemporary China -- 2.Current Status of China's Social Strata Structure -- 2.1.The Accelerated Rise of the Middle Class -- 2.2.The Decreased Proportion of Lower-Middle and Lower Classes -- 2.3.Increasing Stratification of Social Classes --
Contents note continued: 3.Trends and Adjustment of Class Structure in Chinese Society -- 3.1.Change Trends in China's Social Class Structure -- 3.2.The Policy Orientation for the Adjustment of Social Class Structure.
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