Machine generated contents note: 1.The Anglo-Saxons and Their Language -- 1.1.Who were they? -- 1.2.Where did their language come from? -- 1.3.What was Old English like? -- 1.3.1.The Indo-European languages -- 1.3.2.The Germanic languages -- 1.3.3.West Germanic and Low German -- 1.3.4.Old and Modern English -- 1.4.Old English dialects -- 2.Pronunciation -- 2.1.Quick start -- 2.1.1.Vowels and diphthongs -- 2.1.2.Consonants -- 2.1.3.Sermonette -- 2.2.More about vowels -- 2.2.1.Short a, æ and ea -- 2.2.2.I-mutation -- 2.2.3.Silent e; o for u -- 2.3.More about c and g -- 2.4.Syllable length -- 2.5.Accentuation -- 2.6.On-line pronunciation practice -- 2.7.Summary -- 3.Basic Grammar: A Review -- 3.1.Parts of speech -- 3.1.1.Nouns -- 3.1.2.Pronouns -- 3.1.3.Verbs -- 3.1.4.Adjectives -- 3.1.5.Adverbs -- 3.1.6.Prepositions -- 3.1.7.Conjunctions -- 3.1.8.Interjections -- 3.2.Phrases -- 3.3.Clauses -- 3.4.Elements of the sentence or clause -- 3.4.1.Subject -- 3.4.2.Verb -- 3.4.3.Object --

Contents note continued: 3.4.4.Complement -- 3.4.5.Predicate -- 4.Case -- 4.1.What is case? -- 4.2.Uses of the cases -- 4.2.1.Nominative -- 4.2.2.Accusative -- 4.2.3.Genitive -- 4.2.4.Dative -- 4.2.5.Instrumental -- 5.Pronouns -- 5.1.Quick start -- 5.1.1.Personal pronouns -- 5.1.2.Possessive adjectives -- 5.1.3.Demonstrative pronouns -- 5.2.More about personal and demonstrative pronouns -- 5.2.1.The dual number -- 5.2.2.Common spelling variants -- 5.3.Interrogative pronouns -- 5.4.Indefinite pronouns -- 5.5.Relative pronouns -- 5.6.Reflexive pronouns -- 5.7.Reciprocal pronouns -- 6.Nouns -- 6.1.Quick start -- 6.1.1.Strong nouns -- 6.1.2.Weak nouns -- 6.1.3.Athematic nouns -- 6.1.4.The noun phrase -- 6.2.More about strong nouns -- 6.2.1.Two-syllable nouns -- 6.2.2.Nouns with changes in the stem syllable -- 6.2.3.Nouns with -w- or -g- before the ending -- 6.3.Minor declensions -- 6.3.1.u-stem nouns -- 6.3.2.Nouns of relationship -- 6.3.3.Nouns with -r- plurals --

Contents note continued: 6.3.4.Nouns with -p- endings -- 7.Verbs -- 7.1.Quick start -- 7.1.1.Strong and weak verbs -- 7.1.2.Beon `to be' -- 7.1.3.Preterite-present verbs -- 7.2.More about endings -- 7.2.1.Assimilation -- 7.2.2.Plurals ending in -e -- 7.2.3.Subjunctive plural endings -- 7.3.More about weak verbs -- 7.3.1.Classes 1 and 2 -- 7.3.2.Class 1 weak verbs that change their vowels -- 7.3.3.Contracted verbs -- 7.3.4.Class 3 weak verbs -- 7.4.More about strong verbs -- 7.4.1.The strong verb classes -- 7.4.2.Verbs affected by grammatical alternation -- 7.4.3.Contracted verbs -- 7.4.4.Tips on strong verbs -- 7.5.Verbs with weak presents and strong pasts -- 7.6.More about preterite-present verbs -- 7.7.Don, gan, willan -- 7.8.Negation -- 7.9.The verbals -- 7.9.1.Infinitives -- 7.9.2.Participles -- 7.10.The subjunctive -- 8.Adjectives -- 8.1.Quick start -- 8.2.Strong adjectives -- 8.3.Weak adjectives -- 8.4.Comparison of adjectives -- 8.5.The adjective in the noun phrase --

Contents note continued: 9.Numerals -- 9.1.Quick start -- 9.2.Cardinal numbers -- 9.3.Ordinal numbers -- 10.Adverbs, Conjunctions and Prepositions -- 10.1.Quick start -- 10.2.Adverbs -- 10.2.1.Comparison of adverbs -- 10.3.Conjunctions -- 10.4.Correlation -- 10.5.Prepositions -- 11.Concord -- 11.1.Quick start -- 11.2.Subject and verb -- 11.2.1.Impersonal verbs -- 11.3.Pronoun and antecedent -- 11.4.Noun and modifiers -- 11.5.Bad grammar? -- 12.Word-order -- 12.1.Quick start -- 12.2.Subject-Verb -- 12.3.Verb-Subject -- 12.4.Subject...Verb -- 12.5.Correlation -- 12.6.Anticipation -- 12.7.Periphrastic verbs -- 13.Metre -- 13.1.Alliteration -- 13.2.Rhythm -- 13.2.1.Lifts, half-lifts and drops -- 13.2.2.Rhythmic types -- 13.2.3.Hypermetric verses -- 14.Poetic Style -- 14.1.Vocabulary -- 14.2.Variation -- 14.3.Formulas -- 14.3.1.Phrases -- 14.3.2.Themes -- 14.3.3.Originality and quality -- 15.The Grammar of Poetry -- 15.1.Inflections -- 15.1.1.Pronouns -- 15.1.2.Verbs --

Contents note continued: 15.1.3.Adjectives -- 15.2.Syntax -- 15.2.1.Omission of subjects and objects -- 15.2.2.Omission of prepositions -- 15.2.3.Adjectives used as nouns -- 15.2.4.Word-order -- 15.2.5.Independent and subordinate clauses -- 16.Old English in its Material Context -- 16.1.Manuscripts -- 16.1.1.Construction of the manuscript -- 16.1.2.The Old English alphabet -- 16.1.3.Abbreviations -- 16.1.4.Punctuation and capitalization -- 16.1.5.Word- and line-division -- 16.1.6.Errors and corrections -- 16.2.Runes -- 16.3.Other inscriptions -- Appendix A Common Spelling Variants -- A.1.Vowels of accented syllables -- A.2.Unaccented syllables -- A.3.Consonants -- Appendix B Phonetic Symbols and Terms -- B.1.International Phonetic Alphabet symbols -- B.2.Phonetic terms -- Appendix C Further Reading -- C.1.General works -- C.2.Grammars -- C.3.Dictionaries and concordances -- C.4.Bibliographies -- C.5.Old English texts and translations --

Contents note continued: C.6.Literary criticism; sources and analogues; metre -- C.7.History and culture -- C.8.Manuscripts, art and archaeology -- C.9.On-line aids -- C.10.On-line amusements -- Anthology -- 1.The Fall of Adam and Eve -- 2.The Life of St Æthelthryth -- 3.Cynewulf and Cyneheard -- 4.The Martyrdom of Ælfheah -- 5.Sermo Lupi ad Anglos -- 6.King Alfred's Preface to Gregory's Pastoral Care -- 7.Ohthere and Wulfstan -- 8.The Story of Caedmon -- 9.Boethius on Fame -- 10.A Selection of Riddles -- 11.The Battle of Maldon -- 12.The Wanderer -- 13.The Dream of the Rood -- 14.The Battle of Finnesburh -- 15.Waldere -- 16.Wulf and Eadwacer -- 17.The Wife's Lament -- 18.The Husband's Message -- 19.Judith -- Textual Notes.