Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 Background of LTE -- 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.Evolution of Mobile Systems Before LTE -- 1.2.1.The First 3G Standardization -- 1.3.ITU Activities -- 1.3.1.IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced -- 1.3.2.Spectrum for IMT Systems -- 1.4.Drivers for LTE -- 1.5.Standardization of LTE -- 1.5.1.The Standardization Process -- 1.5.2.The 3GPP Process -- 1.5.3.The 3G Evolution to 4G -- ch. 2 High Data Rates in Mobile Communication -- 2.1.High Data Rates: Fundamental Constraints -- 2.1.1.High Data Rates in Noise-Limited Scenarios -- 2.1.2.Higher Data Rates in Interference-Limited Scenarios -- 2.2.Higher Data Rates Within a Limited Bandwidth: Higher-Order Modulation -- 2.2.1.Higher-Order Modulation in Combination with Channel Coding -- 2.2.2.Variations in Instantaneous Transmit Power -- 2.3.Wider Bandwidth Including Multi-Carrier Transmission -- 2.3.1.Multi-Carrier Transmission -- ch. 3 OFDM Transmission -- 3.1.Basic Principles of OFDM -- 3.2.OFDM Demodulation --

Contents note continued: 3.3.OFDM Implementation Using IFFT/FFT Processing -- 3.4.Cyclic-Prefix Insertion -- 3.5.Frequency-Domain Model of OFDM Transmission -- 3.6.Channel Estimation and Reference Symbols -- 3.7.Frequency Diversity with OFDM: Importance of Channel Coding -- 3.8.Selection of Basic OFDM Parameters -- 3.8.1.OFDM Subcarrier Spacing -- 3.8.2.Number of Subcarriers -- 3.8.3.Cyclic-Prefix Length -- 3.9.Variations in Instantaneous Transmission Power -- 3.10.OFDM as a User-Multiplexing and Multiple-Access Scheme -- 3.11.Multi-Cell Broadcast/Multicast Transmission and OFDM -- ch. 4 Wider-Band "Single-Carrier" Transmission -- 4.1.Equalization Against Radio-Channel Frequency Selectivity -- 4.1.1.Time-Domain Linear Equalization -- 4.1.2.Frequency-Domain Equalization -- 4.1.3.Other Equalizer Strategies -- 4.2.Uplink FDMA with Flexible Bandwidth Assignment -- 4.3.DFT-Spread OFDM -- 4.3.1.Basic Principles -- 4.3.2.DFTS-OFDM Receiver -- 4.3.3.User Multiplexing with DFTS-OFDM --

Contents note continued: 4.3.4.Distributed DFTS-OFDM -- ch. 5 Multi-Antenna Techniques -- 5.1.Multi-Antenna Configurations -- 5.2.Benefits of Multi-Antenna Techniques -- 5.3.Multiple Receive Antennas -- 5.4.Multiple Transmit Antennas -- 5.4.1.Transmit-Antenna Diversity -- 5.4.2.Transmitter-Side Beam-Forming -- 5.5.Spatial Multiplexing -- 5.5.1.Basic Principles -- 5.5.2.Precoder-Based Spatial Multiplexing -- 5.5.3.Nonlinear Receiver Processing -- ch. 6 Scheduling, Link Adaptation, and Hybrid ARQ -- 6.1.Link Adaptation: Power and Rate Control -- 6.2.Channel-Dependent Scheduling -- 6.2.1.Downlink Scheduling -- 6.2.2.Uplink Scheduling -- 6.2.3.Link Adaptation and Channel-Dependent Scheduling in the Frequency Domain -- 6.2.4.Acquiring on Channel-State Information -- 6.2.5.Traffic Behavior and Scheduling -- 6.3.Advanced Retransmission Schemes -- 6.4.Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining -- ch. 7 LTE Radio Access: An Overview -- 7.1.Basic Principles -- 7.1.1.Transmission Scheme --

Contents note continued: 7.1.2.Channel-Dependent Scheduling and Rate Adaptation -- 7.1.3.Inter-Cell Interference Coordination -- 7.1.4.Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining -- 7.1.5.Multi-Antenna Transmission -- 7.1.6.Spectrum Flexibility -- 7.2.LTE Release 9 -- 7.2.1.Multicast and Broadcast Support -- 7.2.2.Positioning -- 7.2.3.Dual-Layer Beam-Forming -- 7.3.LTE Release 10 and IMT-Advanced -- 7.3.1.Carrier Aggregation -- 7.3.2.Extended Multi-Antenna Transmission -- 7.3.3.Relaying -- 7.3.4.Heterogeneous Deployments -- 7.4.Terminal Capabilities -- ch. 8 Radio-Interface Architecture -- 8.1.Overall System Architecture -- 8.1.1.Core Network -- 8.1.2.Radio-Access Network -- 8.2.Radio Protocol Architecture -- 8.2.1.Radio-Link Control -- 8.2.2.Medium-Access Control -- 8.2.3.Physical Layer -- 8.3.Control-Plane Protocols -- 8.3.1.State Machine -- ch. 9 Physical Transmission Resources -- 9.1.Overall Time-Frequency Structure -- 9.2.Normal Subframes and MBSFN Subframes -- 9.3.Carrier Aggregation --

Contents note continued: 9.4.Frequency-Domain Location of LTE Carriers -- 9.5.Duplex Schemes -- 9.5.1.Frequency-Division Duplex (FDD) -- 9.5.2.Time-Division Duplex (TDD) -- 9.5.3.LTE and TD-SCDMA Coexistence -- ch. 10 Downlink Physical-Layer Processing -- 10.1.Transport-Channel Processing -- 10.1.1.Processing Steps -- 10.1.2.Localized and Distributed Resource Mapping -- 10.2.Downlink Reference Signals -- 10.2.1.Cell-Specific Reference Signals -- 10.2.2.Demodulation Reference Signals -- 10.2.3.CSI Reference Signals -- 10.3.Multi-Antenna Transmission -- 10.3.1.Transmit Diversity -- 10.3.2.Codebook-Based Precoding -- 10.3.3.Non-Codebook-Based Precoding -- 10.3.4.Downlink Multi-User MIMO -- 10.4.Downlink L1/L2 Control Signaling -- 10.4.1.Physical Control Format Indicator Channel -- 10.4.2.Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel -- 10.4.3.Physical Downlink Control Channel -- 10.4.4.Downlink Scheduling Assignment -- 10.4.5.Uplink Scheduling Grants --

Contents note continued: 10.4.6.Carrier Aggregation and Cross-Carrier Scheduling -- 10.4.7.Power-Control Commands -- 10.4.8.PDCCH Processing -- 10.4.9.Blind Decoding of PDCCHs -- ch. 11 Uplink Physical-Layer Processing -- 11.1.Transport-Channel Processing -- 11.1.1.Processing Steps -- 11.1.2.Mapping to the Physical Resource -- 11.1.3.PUSCH Frequency Hopping -- 11.2.Uplink Reference Signals -- 11.2.1.Uplink Demodulation Reference Signals -- 11.2.2.Uplink Sounding Reference Signals -- 11.3.Uplink Multi-Antenna Transmission -- 11.3.1.Precoder-Based Multi-Antenna Transmission for PUSCH -- 11.3.2.Uplink Multi-User MIMO -- 11.3.3.PUCCH Transmit Diversity -- 11.4.Uplink L1/L2 Control Signaling -- 11.4.1.Uplink L1/L2 Control Signaling on PUCCH -- 11.4.2.Uplink L1/L2 Control Signaling on PUSCH -- 11.5.Uplink Timing Alignment -- ch. 12 Retransmission Protocols -- 12.1.Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining -- 12.1.1.Downlink Hybrid ARQ -- 12.1.2.Uplink Hybrid ARQ -- 12.1.3.Hybrid-ARQ Timing --

Contents note continued: 12.2.Radio-Link Control -- 12.2.1.Segmentation, Concatenation, and Reassembly of RLC SDUs -- 12.2.2.RLC Retransmission -- 12.2.3.In-Sequence Delivery -- 12.2.4.RLC Operation -- ch. 13 Power Control, Scheduling, and Interference Handling -- 13.1.Uplink Power Control -- 13.1.1.Uplink Power Control - Some Basic Rules -- 13.1.2.Power Control for PUCCH -- 13.1.3.Power Control for PUSCH -- 13.1.4.Power Control for SRS -- 13.1.5.Power Headroom -- 13.2.Scheduling and Rate Adaptation -- 13.2.1.Downlink Scheduling -- 13.2.2.Uplink Scheduling -- 13.2.3.Semi-Persistent Scheduling -- 13.2.4.Scheduling for Half-Duplex FDD -- 13.2.5.Channel-State Reporting -- 13.2.6.Discontinuous Reception (DRX) and Component Carrier Deactivation -- 13.3.Inter-Cell Interference Coordination -- 13.4.Heterogeneous Network Deployments -- 13.4.1.Interference Handling in a Heterogeneous Deployment -- 13.4.2.Interference Coordination in the Case of Home-eNodeB -- ch. 14 Access Procedures --

Contents note continued: 14.1.Acquisition and Cell Search -- 14.1.1.Overview of LTE Cell Search -- 14.1.2.PSS Structure -- 14.1.3.SSS Structure -- 14.2.System Information -- 14.2.1.MIB and BCH Transmission -- 14.2.2.System-Information Blocks -- 14.3.Random Access -- 14.3.1.Step 1: Random-Access Preamble Transmission -- 14.3.2.Step 2: Random-Access Response -- 14.3.3.Step 3: Terminal Identification -- 14.3.4.Step 4: Contention Resolution -- 14.4.Paging -- ch. 15 Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services -- 15.1.Architecture -- 15.2.Overall Channel Structure and Physical-Layer Processing -- 15.3.Scheduling of MBMS Services -- ch. 16 Relaying -- 16.1.Relays in LTE -- 16.2.Overall Architecture -- 16.3.Backhaul Design for Inband Relaying -- 16.3.1.Access-Link Hybrid-ARQ Operation -- 16.3.2.Backhaul-Link Hybrid-ARQ Operation -- 16.3.3.Backhaul Downlink Control Signaling -- 16.3.4.Reference Signals for the Backhaul Link -- 16.3.5.Backhaul-Access Link Timing --

Contents note continued: ch. 17 Spectrum and RF Characteristics -- 17.1.Spectrum for LTE -- 17.1.1.Spectrum Defined for IMT Systems by the ITU-R -- 17.1.2.Frequency Bands for LTE -- 17.1.3.New Frequency Bands -- 17.2.Flexible Spectrum Use -- 17.3.Flexible Channel Bandwidth Operation -- 17.4.Carrier Aggregation for LTE -- 17.5.Multi-Standard Radio Base Stations -- 17.6.Overview of RF Requirements for LTE -- 17.6.1.Transmitter Characteristics -- 17.6.2.Receiver Characteristics -- 17.6.3.Regional Requirements -- 17.6.4.Band-Specific UE Requirements Through Network Signaling -- 17.6.5.Base-Station Classes -- 17.7.Output Power Level Requirements -- 17.7.1.Base-Station Output Power and Dynamic Range -- 17.7.2.UE Output Power and Dynamic Range -- 17.8.Transmitted Signal Quality -- 17.8.1.EVM and Frequency Error -- 17.8.2.UE In-Band Emissions -- 17.8.3.Base-Station Time Alignment -- 17.9.Unwanted Emissions Requirements -- 17.9.1.Implementation Aspects -- 17.9.2.Spectrum Emission Mask --

Contents note continued: 17.9.3.Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio -- 17.9.4.Spurious Emissions -- 17.9.5.Occupied Bandwidth -- 17.9.6.Transmitter Intermodulation -- 17.10.Sensitivity and Dynamic Range -- 17.11.Receiver Susceptibility to Interfering Signals -- ch. 18 Performance -- 18.1.Performance Assessment -- 18.1.1.End-User Perspective of Performance -- 18.1.2.Operator Perspective -- 18.2.Performance in Terms of Peak Data Rates and Latency -- 18.3.Performance Evaluation of LTE-Advanced -- 18.3.1.Models and Assumptions -- 18.3.2.Evaluation Criteria -- 18.3.3.Performance Numbers for FDD -- 18.3.4.Performance Numbers for TDD -- 18.4.Conclusion -- ch. 19 Other Wireless Communications Systems -- 19.1.HSPA -- 19.1.1.Architecture -- 19.1.2.Channel-Dependent Scheduling -- 19.1.3.Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining -- 19.1.4.Control-Plane Latency Reductions -- 19.1.5.Spatial Multiplexing -- 19.1.6.Carrier Aggregation -- 19.1.7.UTRA TDD -- 19.2.GSM/EDGE --

Contents note continued: 19.2.1.Objectives for GSM/EDGE Evolution -- 19.2.2.Dual-Antenna Terminals -- 19.2.3.Multi-Carrier EDGE -- 19.2.4.Reduced TTI and Fast Feedback -- 19.2.5.Improved Modulation and Coding -- 19.2.6.Higher Symbol Rates -- 19.2.7.Voice Service over Adaptive Multi-User Channels -- 19.3.CDMA2000 and HRPD/1x EV-DO -- 19.3.1.CDMA2000 1x -- 19.3.2.1x EV-DO Rev 0 -- 19.3.3.1x EV-DO Rev A -- 19.3.4.1x EV-DO Rev B -- 19.3.5.1x EV-DO Rev C -- 19.4.IEEE 802.16e, Mobile WiMAX and 802.16m -- 19.4.1.IEEE 802.16e and Mobile WiMAX -- 19.4.2.IEEE 802.16m- WiMAX for IMT-Advanced -- 19.5.Summary -- ch. 20 Final Thoughts -- 20.1.Where to Go in the Future? -- 20.1.1.Advanced Multi-Cell Coordination -- 20.1.2.Network Energy Efficiency -- 20.1.3.Machine-Type Communication -- 20.1.4.New ways of Using Spectrum -- 20.1.5.Direct Device-to-Device Communication -- 20.2.Concluding Remarks.