Title:
Chemistry : principles, patterns, and applications
Author:
Averill, Bruce.
ISBN:
9780805338034
9780321413703
Personal Author:
Publication Information:
San Francisco : Benjamin Cummings, ©2007.
Physical Description:
xxxv, 1131, 75, 3, 24 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 29 cm
General Note:
Includes index.
Contents:
Fundamental Concepts -- Introduction to Chemistry -- Chemistry in the Modern World -- Scientific Method -- Description of Matter -- Brief History of Chemistry -- Atom -- Isotopes and Atomic Masses -- Introduction to the Periodic Table -- Essential Elements -- Molecules, Ions, and Chemical Formulas -- Chemical Compounds -- Chemical Formulas -- Naming Ionic Compounds -- Naming Covalent Compounds -- Acids and Bases -- Industrially Important Chemicals -- Chemical Reactions -- Mole and Molar Masses -- Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas -- Chemical Equations -- Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations -- Classifying Chemical Reactions -- Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere -- Reactions in Aqueous Solution -- Aqueous Solutions --
Solution Concentrations -- Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solution -- Ionic Equations -- Precipitation Reactions -- Acid-Base Reactions -- Chemistry of Acid Rain -- Oxidation-Reduction Reactions in Solution -- Quantitative Analysis Using Titrations -- Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions -- Energy and Work -- Enthalpy -- Calorimetry -- Thermochemistry and Nutrition -- Energy Sources and the Environment -- Atomic and Molecular Structure -- Structure of Atoms -- Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation -- Quantization of Energy -- Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom -- Relationship Between Energy and Mass -- Atomic Orbitals and Their Energies -- Building Up the Periodic Table -- Periodic Table and Periodic Trends -- History of the Periodic Table -- Sizes of Atoms and Ions^^^
Energetics of Ion Formation -- Chemical Families -- Trace Elements in Biological Systems -- Structure and Bonding I: Ionic Versus Covalent Bonding -- Overview of Chemical Bonding -- Ionic Bonding -- Lattice Energies in Ionic Solids -- Introduction to Lewis Electron Structures -- Lewis Structures and Covalent Bonding -- Exceptions to the Octet Rule -- Lewis Acids and Bases -- Properties of Covalent Bonds -- Polar Covalent Bonds -- Structure and Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Models of Covalent Bonding -- Predicting the Geometry of Molecules and Polyatomic Ions -- Localized Bonding and Hybrid Atomic Orbitals -- Delocalized Bonding and Molecular Orbitals -- Combining the Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Approaches -- States of Matter -- Gases -- Gaseous Elements and Compounds --
Gas Pressure -- Relationships Between Pressure, Temperature, Amount, and Volume -- Ideal Gas Law -- Mixtures of Gases -- Gas Volumes and Stoichiometry -- Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases -- Behavior of Real Gases -- Liquids -- Kinetic Molecular Description of Liquids -- Intermolecular Forces -- Unique Properties of Liquids -- Vapor Pressure -- Changes of State -- Critical Temperature and Pressure -- Phase Diagrams -- Liquid Crystals -- Solids -- Crystalline and Amorphous Solids -- Arrangement of Atoms in Crystalline Solids -- Structures of Simple Binary Compounds -- Defects in Crystals -- Correlation Between Bonding and the Properties of Solids -- Bonding in Metals and Semiconductors -- Superconductors -- Polymeric Solids --
Contemporary Materials -- Solutions -- Factors Affecting Solution Formation -- Solubility and Molecular Structure -- Units of Concentration -- Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility -- Colligative Properties of Solutions -- Aggregate Particles in Aqueous Solution -- Kinetics and Equilibria -- Chemical Kinetics -- Factors That Affect Reaction Rates -- Reaction Rates and Rate Laws -- Methods of Determining Reaction Orders -- Using Graphs to Determine Rate Laws, Rate Constants, and Reaction Orders -- Half-Lives and Radioactive Decay Kinetics -- Reaction Rates-A Microscopic View -- Collision Model of Chemical Kinetics -- Catalysis -- Chemical Equilibrium -- Concept of Chemical Equilibrium -- Equilibrium Constant -- Solving Equilibrium Problems --
Nonequilibrium Conditions -- Factors That Affect Equilibrium -- Controlling the Products of Reactions -- Aqueous Acid-Base Equilibria -- Autoionization of Water -- Qualitative Description of Acid-Base Equilibria -- Molecular Structure and Acid-Base Strength -- Quantitative Aspects of Acid-Base Equilibria -- Acid-Base Titrations -- Buffers -- Solubility and Complexation Equilibria -- Determining the Solubility of Ionic Compounds -- Factors That Affect Solubility -- Complex-Ion Formation -- Solubility and pH -- Qualitative Analysis Using Selective Precipitation -- Chemical Thermodynamics -- Thermodynamics and Work -- First Law of Thermodynamics -- Second Law of Thermodynamics -- Entropy Changes and the Third Law of Thermodynamics -- Free Energy --
Spontaneity and Equilibrium -- Comparing Thermodynamics and Kinetics -- Thermodynamics and Life -- AV-MATtrochemistry -- Describing Electrochemical Cells -- Standard Potentials -- Comparing Strengths of Oxidants and Reductants -- AV-MATtrochemical Cells and Thermodynamics -- Commercial Galvanic Cells -- Corrosion -- AV-MATtrolysis -- Nuclear Chemistry -- Components of the Nucleus -- Nuclear Reactions -- Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with Matter -- Thermodynamic Stability of the Atomic Nucleus -- Applied Nuclear Chemistry -- Origin of the Elements -- Chemistry of the Elements -- Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements -- Overview of Periodic Trends -- Chemistry of Hydrogen -- Alkali Metals (Group 1) -- Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2) --
s-Block Elements in Biology -- p-Block Elements -- Elements of Group 13 -- Elements of Group 14 -- Elements of Group 15 (the Pnicogens) -- Elements of Group 16 (the Chalcogens) -- Elements of Group 17 (the Halogens) -- Elements of Group 18 (the Noble Gases) -- d-Block Elements -- General Trends Among the Transition Metals -- Brief Survey of Transition-Metal Chemistry -- Metallurgy -- Coordination Compounds -- Crystal Field Theory -- Transition Metals in Biology -- Organic Compounds -- Functional Groups and Classes of Organic Compounds -- Isomers of Organic Compounds -- Reactivity of Organic Molecules -- Common Classes of Organic Reactions -- Common Classes of Organic Compounds -- Molecules of Life -- Standard Thermodynamic Quantities for Chemical Substances at 25[degree]C^^^
Solubility-Product Constants (K[subscript sp]) for Compounds at 25[degree]C -- Dissociation Constants and pK[subscript a] Values for Acids at 25[degree]C -- Ionization Constants and pK[subscript b] Values for Bases at 25[degree]C -- Standard Reduction Potentials at 25[degree]C -- Properties of Water -- Glossary -- Answers to Selected Problems.
Abstract:
"This innovative text emphasizes contemporary applications and an intuitive problem-solving approach. Modern applications, early integration of examples from organic and biochemistry, and a strong approach to problem solving help you develop a deep understanding of key concepts and the ability to recognize important patterns. Integrated with the most advanced chemistry tutorial media available, this is a learning package built to ensure your success. Book jacket."--Jacket.
Added Author:
Electronic Access:
Table of contents http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0517/2005022980.html